Carbon Steel: Properties, Production, Examples and Applications
Carbon steel is an iron-carbon alloy, which contains up to 2.1 wt.% carbon. For carbon steels, there is no minimum specified content of other alloying elements, however, they often contain manganese. The maximum manganese, silicon and copper content should be less than 1.65 wt.%, 0.6 wt.% and 0.6 wt.%, respectively.
Types of carbon steel and their properties
Carbon steel can be classified into three categories according to its carbon content: low-carbon steel (or mild-carbon steel), medium-carbon steel and high-carbon steel . Their carbon content, microstructure and properties compare as follows:
| Carbon content (wt.%) | Microstructure | Properties | Examples |
| Low-carbon steel | < 0.25 | Ferrite, pearlite | Low hardness and cost. High ductility, toughness, machinability and weldability |
| Medium-carbon steel | 0.25 – 0.60 | Martensite | Low hardenability, medium strength, ductility and toughness |
| High-carbon steel | 0.60 – 1.25 | Pearlite | High hardness, strength, low ductility |
Carbon Steel DescriptionGrade:1)GB: Q195, Q215, Q235A, Q235B, Q235C, Q235D, Q255A, 255B, Q275, Q295A, Q295B, Q345B, Q345C, Q345D, Q345E, Q390A, Q390B, Q390C,Q390D, Q390E, Q420, Q420B, Q420C, Q420D, Q420E, Q460D, Q460E, Q500D, Q500E, Q550D, Q550E, Q620D, Q620E, Q690D, Q690E2)EN: S185,S235JR, S275JR, S355JR, S420NL, S460NL S500Q, S550Q, S620Q, S690Q3)ASTM: Grade B, Grade C, Grade D, A36, Grade 36, Grade 40, Grade42, Grade 50, Grade 55, Grade 60, Grade 65, Grade 804)JIS: SS330, SPHC, SS400, SPFC, SPHD, SPHEPRODUCT DETAILS
| A53 Seamless & Welded Carbon Steel Pipe Description |
| ASTM A53 seamless steel pipe has high strength, good toughness, good processing performance and welding performance. A53 American standard seamless steel pipes are available in a wide range of specifications, with a wide range of outer diameters and wall thicknesses. Because ASTM A53 seamless carbon steel pipe has excellent material properties and good processing performance, it is widely used in petroleum, chemical industry, electric power, machinery manufacturing and other fields. For example, in the petrochemical industry, ASTM A53 steel pipes can be used to transport high-temperature and high-pressure oil, natural gas and other media. |
| A53 Seamless & Welded Carbon Steel Pipe Description |
| Product Name | A53 Seamless & Welded Carbon Steel Pipe |
| Standard | EN/DIN/JIS/ASTM/BS/ASME/AISI etc. |
| Outer Diameter | Seamless: 1/4″-36″ | Welding: 21.3mm-3620mm |
| Round Tube: 1/2″-10″ | Square Tube/Rectangular Tube: 15x15mm-400x600mm |
| Wall Thickness | Seamless: 1.25mm-50mm | Welding: 1.65mm-65mm |
| Length | 3-12 meters, Support customization |
| Surface Process | Bright, Polished, Black |
| Other Services | Machining(cnc), Centerless Grinding(cg), Heat Treatment, Annealing, Pickling, Polishing, Rolling, Forging, Cutting, Bending, Small Machining, etc. |
| Chemical Composition |
| A53 | Grade | C | Mn | P | S | Cu | Ni | Cr | Mo | V |
| TypeS(Seamless) | A | 0.25 | 0.95 | 0.05 | 0.05 | 0.4 | 0.4 | 0.4 | 0.15 | 0.08 |
| B | 0.3 | 1.2 | 0.05 | 0.05 | 0.4 | 0.4 | 0.4 | 0.15 | 0.08 |
| TypeE(Resistance Welding) | A | 0.25 | 0.95 | 0.05 | 0.05 | 0.4 | 0.4 | 0.4 | 0.15 | 0.08 |
| B | 0.3 | 1.2 | 0.05 | 0.05 | 0.4 | 0.4 | 0.4 | 0.15 | 0.08 |
| TypeF(Furnace Welding) | A | 0.3 | 1.2 | 0.05 | 0.05 | 0.4 | 0.4 | 0.4 | 0.15 | 0.08 |
| Mechanical Properties |
| A53 | GradeA | GradeB |
| Tensile Strength Min.psi(MPa) | 48,000(330) | 60,000(415) |
| Yield Strength Min.psi(MPa) | 30,000(205) | 35,000(240) |
| Physical Performance |
| Density 20°C | Modulus of Elasticity Kn/² mm | Coefficient of Thermal Conductivity 20°C | Heat Capacity 20°C | Resistivity 20°C |
| Kg/dm³ | 20C° | 300C° | 400C° | 450C° | W/m K | J/kg K | Ωmm²/m |
| 7.85 | 210 | 192 | 184 | 179 | 51 | 461 | 0.2 |
| Scope of Application |
| Construction: underground pipeline, underground water, hot water transmission, mechanical processing, bearing sleeve, processing machinery parts, etc. |
| Electrical: natural gas transmission, hydroelectric fluid pipelines, anti-static pipes for wind farms, etc. |
