Carbon Steel: Properties, Production, Examples and Applications
Carbon steel is an iron-carbon alloy, which contains up to 2.1 wt.% carbon. For carbon steels, there is no minimum specified content of other alloying elements, however, they often contain manganese. The maximum manganese, silicon and copper content should be less than 1.65 wt.%, 0.6 wt.% and 0.6 wt.%, respectively.
Types of carbon steel and their properties
Carbon steel can be classified into three categories according to its carbon content: low-carbon steel (or mild-carbon steel), medium-carbon steel and high-carbon steel . Their carbon content, microstructure and properties compare as follows:
| Carbon content (wt.%) | Microstructure | Properties | Examples |
| Low-carbon steel | < 0.25 | Ferrite, pearlite | Low hardness and cost. High ductility, toughness, machinability and weldability |
| Medium-carbon steel | 0.25 – 0.60 | Martensite | Low hardenability, medium strength, ductility and toughness |
| High-carbon steel | 0.60 – 1.25 | Pearlite | High hardness, strength, low ductility |
Carbon Steel DescriptionGrade:1)GB: Q195, Q215, Q235A, Q235B, Q235C, Q235D, Q255A, 255B, Q275, Q295A, Q295B, Q345B, Q345C, Q345D, Q345E, Q390A, Q390B, Q390C,Q390D, Q390E, Q420, Q420B, Q420C, Q420D, Q420E, Q460D, Q460E, Q500D, Q500E, Q550D, Q550E, Q620D, Q620E, Q690D, Q690E2)EN: S185,S235JR, S275JR, S355JR, S420NL, S460NL S500Q, S550Q, S620Q, S690Q3)ASTM: Grade B, Grade C, Grade D, A36, Grade 36, Grade 40, Grade42, Grade 50, Grade 55, Grade 60, Grade 65, Grade 804)JIS: SS330, SPHC, SS400, SPFC, SPHD, SPHEPRODUCT DETAILS
| A106 Grade B Steel Pipe Description |
| A106 steel pipe is a low carbon steel pipe whose main components are carbon, silicon, manganese and small amounts of chromium, copper, nickel and molybdenum. It is a seamless steel pipe suitable for transporting liquids and gases in high temperature and high pressure environments. The manufacturing process of A106 steel pipe usually includes steps such as hot rolling, cold drawing and cold working. During these processes, the internal structure of the pipe is made tighter through heat and pressure treatment, thereby improving its strength and corrosion resistance. A106 steel pipe can be used in many different fields, such as oil, natural gas, chemical industry, electric power, shipbuilding, aerospace, etc.. |
| Product Parameters |
| Product Name | A106 Grade B Steel Pipe |
| Standard | EN/DIN/JIS/ASTM/BS/ASME/AISI etc. |
| Outer Diameter | Seamless: 1/4″-36″ | Welding: 21.3mm-3620mm |
| Round Tube: 1/2″-10″ | Square Tube/Rectangular Tube: 15x15mm-400x600mm |
| Wall Thickness | Seamless: 1.25mm-50mm | Welding: 1.65mm-65mm |
| Length | 3-12 meters, Support customization |
| Surface Process | Bright, Polished, Black |
| Other Services | Machining(cnc), Centerless Grinding(cg), Heat Treatment, Annealing, Pickling, Polishing, Rolling, Forging, Cutting, Bending, Small Machining, etc. |
| Chemical Composition |
| A106 | C | Mn | P | S | Si | Cr | Cu | Mo | Ni | V |
| GradeA | 0.25 | 0.27-0.93 | 0.035 | 0.035 | 0.1 | 0.4 | 0.4 | 0.15 | 0.4 | 0.08 |
| GradeB | 0.3 | 0.29-1.06 | 0.035 | 0.035 | 0.1 | 0.4 | 0.4 | 0.15 | 0.4 | 0.08 |
| GradeC | 0.35 | 0.29-1.06 | 0.035 | 0.035 | 0.1 | 0.4 | 0.4 | 0.15 | 0.4 | 0.08 |
| Mechanical Properties |
| A106 | GradeA | GradeB | GradeC |
| Tensile Strength min.psi | 48,000 | 60,000 | 70,000 |
| Yield Strength min.psi | 30,000 | 35,000 | 40,000 |
| Scope of Application |
| ASTM A106 seamless pressure pipe (also known as ASME SA106 pipe) is commonly used in the construction of oil and gas refineries, power plants, petrochemical plants, boilers and ships. These pipes must transport fluids and gases with high temperature and pressure levels. |
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