Carbon Steel: Properties, Production, Examples and Applications
Carbon steel is an iron-carbon alloy, which contains up to 2.1 wt.% carbon. For carbon steels, there is no minimum specified content of other alloying elements, however, they often contain manganese. The maximum manganese, silicon and copper content should be less than 1.65 wt.%, 0.6 wt.% and 0.6 wt.%, respectively.
Types of carbon steel and their properties
Carbon steel can be classified into three categories according to its carbon content: low-carbon steel (or mild-carbon steel), medium-carbon steel and high-carbon steel . Their carbon content, microstructure and properties compare as follows:
| Carbon content (wt.%) | Microstructure | Properties | Examples |
| Low-carbon steel | < 0.25 | Ferrite, pearlite | Low hardness and cost. High ductility, toughness, machinability and weldability |
| Medium-carbon steel | 0.25 – 0.60 | Martensite | Low hardenability, medium strength, ductility and toughness |
| High-carbon steel | 0.60 – 1.25 | Pearlite | High hardness, strength, low ductility |
Carbon Steel DescriptionGrade:1)GB: Q195, Q215, Q235A, Q235B, Q235C, Q235D, Q255A, 255B, Q275, Q295A, Q295B, Q345B, Q345C, Q345D, Q345E, Q390A, Q390B, Q390C,Q390D, Q390E, Q420, Q420B, Q420C, Q420D, Q420E, Q460D, Q460E, Q500D, Q500E, Q550D, Q550E, Q620D, Q620E, Q690D, Q690E2)EN: S185,S235JR, S275JR, S355JR, S420NL, S460NL S500Q, S550Q, S620Q, S690Q3)ASTM: Grade B, Grade C, Grade D, A36, Grade 36, Grade 40, Grade42, Grade 50, Grade 55, Grade 60, Grade 65, Grade 804)JIS: SS330, SPHC, SS400, SPFC, SPHD, SPHEPRODUCT DETAILS
| 1008 Cold Rolled Steel Coil |
| 1008 cold rolled steel coil contains about 1.2% manganese and 0.4% silicon. There are also nickel, aluminium, chromium, copper and molybdenum present in small quantities in the carbon steels. AISI 1008 carbon steel coil has excellent weldability, which includes projection, butt, spot and fusion, and brazeability. 1008 cold rolled steel coil is mainly used in automobile, printed metal pail, building, building materials, and bicycle, etc. Besides, it is the best material to manufacture organic coated strip. |
| Product Parameters | |
| Product Name | 1008 Cold Rolled Steel Coil |
| Production Process | Hot Rolling, Cold Rolling |
| Material Standards | AISI, ASTM, ASME, DIN, BS, EN, ISO, JIS, GOST, SAE, etc. |
| Width | 100mm-3000mm |
| Length | 1m-12m, or Customized Size |
| Thickness | 0.1mm-400mm |
| Delivery Conditions | Rolling, Annealing, Quenching, Tempered or Standard |
| Surface Process | Ordinary, Wire Drawing, Laminated Film |
| Chemical Composition | |
| Element | Content (%) |
| Iron, Fe | 99.31-99.7 % |
| Manganese, Mn | 0.30-0.50 % |
| Carbon, C | 0.10% |
| Sulfur, S | 0.05% |
| Phosphorous, P | 0.04% |
| Mechanical Properties |
| Properties | Metric | Imperial |
| Tensile strength | 340 MPa | 49300 psi |
| Yield strength (depending on temper) | 285 MPa | 41300 psi |
| Elastic modulus | 190-210 Gpa | 27557-30458 ksi |
| Bulk modulus (typical for steel) | 200 GPa | 29000 ksi |
| Shear modulus (typical for steel) | 80.0 GPa | 11600 ksi |
| Poisson’s ratio | 0.27-0.30 | 0.27-0.30 |
| Elongation at break (in 50 mm) | 20% | 20% |
| Reduction of area | 45% | 45% |
| Hardness, Brinell | 95 | 95 |
| Hardness, Knoop (converted from Brinell hardness) | 113 | 113 |
| Hardness, Rockwell B (converted from Brinell hardness) | 55 | 55 |
| Hardness, Vickers (converted from Brinell hardness) | 98 | 98 |
| Machinability (based on AISI 1212 steel as 100 machinability) | 55 | 55 |
| The machinability of group I bar, rod, and wire products can be improved by cold drawing) |
| Scope of Application |
| AISI 1008 carbon steel is primarily used in extruded, cold headed, cold upset, and cold pressed parts and forms. |
